BC. The Persian Achaemenid Empire, established half a century earlier under Cyrus the Great, stretched from Northern India to Southeast Europe. The Achaemenid Empire controlled a vast area with ...

The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Civilizations explores the world's earliest cultures, from the farming settlements of Mesopotamia to the Americas and Polynesia, via the birth of Greek city ...

Throughout history, numerous ancient technologies have left researchers and historians pondering the true capabilities of early civilizations. Were they more advanced than we give them credit for? By ...

A century ago, UChicago scholars argued a controversial idea: Western civilization had its roots in the ancient Middle East—not in Greece or Rome. Today, scholars at the OI and across the University ...

Spices, often overlooked, played a pivotal role in shaping Ancient Greek civilization. From the bustling markets of Athens to ...