The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) remains a cornerstone in the assessment of depressive symptomatology, with extensive utilisation in both clinical and research settings across the globe.

The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a widely used self-reported questionnaire designed to assess the symptoms and severity of depression, as well as its behavioral manifestations.

To assess the reliability and validity of the CESD-20 and the CESD-10. ... Several screening tools exist such as the Beck Depression Inventory and the Zung Self-Rating Depression scale.