Learn to calculate present value (PV) in Excel using rate and period inputs for better investment comparisons and informed financial decisions.

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Andy Smith is a Certified Financial Planner ...

When reviewing cash flow data for your small business, knowing the standard deviation can help you determine if the numbers are out of whack. Calculating standard deviation manually can be ...

The basic premise of finance is that money has time value -- a dollar in hand today is worth more than a dollar in the future. The study of finance seeks to make it possible to compare the value of a ...

Cash flow is a term you might hear when discussing business, but did you know it pertains to your personal finances, too? Business cash flow refers to incoming and outgoing money in a company, and its ...

IRR measures the rate needed to break even on an investment. Calculate IRR by setting NPV to zero and solving for the discount rate. Use Excel's IRR function by inputting initial cost and cash inflow.