Cytosine was first discovered in 1894 by Albrecht Kossel, a German biochemist. Kossel isolated cytosine from calf thymus tissues and found that it was a component of nucleic acids. This discovery, ...

Cytosine can undergo modifications, forming 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and its oxidized products 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caC). Despite their ...

Bohn, M.F. et al. Crystal structure of the DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3F: the catalytically active and HIV-1 Vif-binding domain. Structure 21, 1042–1050 (2013).

Thymine (T) is one of the four nucleobases found in DNA, alongside adenine (A), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). It is a pyrimidine derivative, meaning it has a single-ring structure. Thymine plays a ...

Thymine, which is often abbreviated as T or Thy, can also be referred to as 5-methyluracil. Thymine is one of the pyrimidine bases found in the nucleic acid of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), along ...

CPDs are formed when two adjacent pyrimidine bases (thymine –TT or cytosine – CC) become covalently linked producing a cyclic ring structure. 6-4PPs result from a single covalent bond formed ...

Development and implementation of CRISPRi screens for identifying genes involved in processing cytosine base editing intermediates. Credit: Nature Communications (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025 ...

Evidence is mounting that the key building blocks of life may have been delivered to our home planet from space. Scientists have now identified in meteorites the last two DNA nucleobases that hadn ...

ISTOCK, BEHOLDINGEYE B ase editing is a relatively recent genome-editing technique that swaps one DNA base pair for another, offering researchers the potential to correct harmful, single-nucleotide ...

Scientists have detected bits of adenine, guanine and other organic compounds in meteorites since the 1960s (SN: 8/10/11, SN: 12/4/20).Researchers have also seen hints of uracil, but cytosine and ...

At the time of this discovery, in 1950, the biggest problem in biology was understanding the structure of DNA. Chargaff’s rules turned out to be an important clue in this puzzle. Biologists had ...