Dried fish for breakfast, fried to a crisp with a splash of spiced vinegar, garlic fried rice and a runny egg yolk, is the kind of breakfast that Filipinos who live abroad crave.

TANAUAN, Leyte, Philippines — The Philippines, a nation of thousands of islands, is home to about 1.6 million people who work in fisheries, and the majority of those fishers are small-scale ...