Magnetic force can overcome gravity. That’s why this magnet can hover in mid-air. Electrostatic force also attracts and repels objects. Rubbing the balloon on another surface creates a small ...

A combination of diffusion measurements and numerical ... by attractive interactions — such as van der Waals and electrostatic forces — between the solid wall of the pore and the molecules.

In summary, this comprehensive review charts a clear roadmap for tackling the intrinsic electrostatic challenges of Mg 2+ diffusion in cathode materials through defect engineering. By combining ...