In 2024, air temperatures and ocean temperatures once again reached record highs. According to climate researchers, ocean temperatures down to depths of 2,000 meters were higher than ever recorded.

If a doctor “treats the abscess in a nobleman’s eye but causes the loss of the eye,” he would lose his hand. A handful of Egyptian documents describe medicines made from beans, leeks, figs, dates, and ...

There is always an element of naivete when attempting to extrapolate historical events from books that date back thousands of years. Three Wise Men, Macmillan Poster, 1960. But what exactly is the ...

The Great Frost of 1709, also known as the Big Freeze, was a severe and prolonged cold wave that occurred in Europe during the winter of 1708-1709. It resulted in extreme cold temperatures and had ...

From the time of the Renaissance forward, these fortresses were renovated into elegant mansions complete with gardens, turrets, and other architectural flourishes. The Latin “castellum” refers to a ...

Beginning in the middle of the 12th century, the Christian kingdoms began their advance, only to run across yet another Berber dynasty in the form of the Almohads. After their loss at Las Navas de ...

The Reign of Terror, The bloody chapter of the French Revolution, led by Robespierre and the Jacobins, was an extremely violent time in the French Revolution. All those who opposed the current ...

On September 30th, 1938, the Munich Agreement was ratified. They didn’t stop World War II from starting, but they had major repercussions for Czechoslovakia. The Munich Agreement was signed by Germany ...

The legendary knight El Cid (“The Lord”) or El Campeador (“The Valiant”), Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar devoted his life to war and passed away on July 10, 1099. Despite his later reputation as a champion for ...