The photosphere is the outermost visible layer of the sun, what we think of as the star's surface. This is where sunspots form and where the light that eventually reaches us on Earth comes from.

The sun is composed of the five different layers seen in this image. A region of subsurface flow separates the core from the sun’s outer shell, the photosphere.

The sun provides energy that is vital for life on Earth, and that energy comes as a result of the sun’s heat. ... Here are the scorching temperatures of the star's layers.

New research from an international team may explain one of the biggest conundrums in astrophysics – why the outermost layer of the Sun’s atmosphere is hotter than the surface Groundbreaking data ...